Photodynamic therapy in dermatology
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used for the prevention and treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. Until recently, clinically approved indications have been restricted to actinic keratoses, nodular and superficial basal cell carcinoma, and, since 2006, Bowen disease.
However, the range of indications has been expanding continuously. PDT is also used for the treatment of non-malignant conditions such as acne vulgaris and leishmaniasis, as well as for treating premature skin aging due to sun exposure.
The production of reactive oxygen intermediates like singlet oxygen depends on the light dose applied as well as the concentration and localization of the photosensitizer in the diseased tissue.
Either cytotoxic effects resulting in tumor destruction or immunomodulatory effects improving inflammatory skin conditions are induced. Treating superficial non-melanoma skin cancer, PDT has been shown to be highly efficient, despite the low level of invasiveness. The excellent cosmetic results after treatment are beneficial, too.
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology: a review.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Aug 5; Choudhary S, Nouri K, Elsaie ML (Hubmed.org)
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However, the range of indications has been expanding continuously. PDT is also used for the treatment of non-malignant conditions such as acne vulgaris and leishmaniasis, as well as for treating premature skin aging due to sun exposure.
The production of reactive oxygen intermediates like singlet oxygen depends on the light dose applied as well as the concentration and localization of the photosensitizer in the diseased tissue.
Either cytotoxic effects resulting in tumor destruction or immunomodulatory effects improving inflammatory skin conditions are induced. Treating superficial non-melanoma skin cancer, PDT has been shown to be highly efficient, despite the low level of invasiveness. The excellent cosmetic results after treatment are beneficial, too.
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology: a review.
Lasers Med Sci. 2009 Aug 5; Choudhary S, Nouri K, Elsaie ML (Hubmed.org)
Related:
Photodynamic Therapy For Photo Aging
Photodynamic therapy - does it help in pleural mesothelioma cancer
Photodynamic Therapy: A Light in the Darkness?
Photodynamic Therapy Can Scramble The Immune System To Fight
Photodynamic Therapy: Back to the Future
Photodynamic therapy with an endocytically located photosensitizer
Response Surface Methodology: An Extensive Potential to Optimize
Guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy
Acne: Blue Light Photodynamic Therapy
Combining photodynamic therapy and radiation therapy
Acne inversa: early inflammatory
Hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) is a chronic suppurative and scarring inflammatory disease with predilection in the apocrine gland-bearing areas. Histological investigations in the 1990s showed keratotic occlusion of the terminal follicle structure to be the initial cause.
Our investigations describe and reproduce the morphology and try to figure out very early lesions of HS. A total of 262 operative specimens from 60 patients were investigated by routine histology and 11 operative specimens by immunohistochemistry: HS is dominated by a heterogeneous histological image. 82% of the surgical specimens showed mild or pronounced follicular hyperkeratosis, whereas an isotopic hyperplasia of follicular epithelium was evident in 77%.
Pronounced perifolliculitis was seen in 68% and rupture of the follicle structure in 28%. Features which had not so far been described in detail were: epidermal psoriasiform hyperplasia (43%) and subepidermal interfollicular inflammatory infiltrate (78%).
In all 11 specimens, immunohistochemical investigations showed a perifollicular and subepidermal inflammation of CD-3-, CD-4-, CD-68-, CD-79- and CD-8-cells, the latter with a striking selective epitheliotropism. To conclude, we could show follicular hyperkeratosis and lymphocytic perifollicular inflammation as early patterns in pathogenesis, whereas rupture of the follicle structure takes place later.
Finally, it seems that there are two hot spots of inflammatory events (perifollicular and subepidermal) composed of a comparable inflammatory cell mixture. The CD-8 cell epitheliotropism (follicular and epidermal) described here and its influence in follicular hyperkeratosis, in hyperplasia of follicular epithelium and in epidermal psoriasiform hyperplasia will be of further interest, for instance, concerning early pharmacological intervention.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa): early inflammatory events at terminal follicles and at interfollicular epidermis
Exp Dermatol. 2009 Jul 29; Laffert MV, Helmbold P, Wohlrab J, Fiedler E, Stadie V, Marsch WC (Hubmed.org)
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Our investigations describe and reproduce the morphology and try to figure out very early lesions of HS. A total of 262 operative specimens from 60 patients were investigated by routine histology and 11 operative specimens by immunohistochemistry: HS is dominated by a heterogeneous histological image. 82% of the surgical specimens showed mild or pronounced follicular hyperkeratosis, whereas an isotopic hyperplasia of follicular epithelium was evident in 77%.
Pronounced perifolliculitis was seen in 68% and rupture of the follicle structure in 28%. Features which had not so far been described in detail were: epidermal psoriasiform hyperplasia (43%) and subepidermal interfollicular inflammatory infiltrate (78%).
In all 11 specimens, immunohistochemical investigations showed a perifollicular and subepidermal inflammation of CD-3-, CD-4-, CD-68-, CD-79- and CD-8-cells, the latter with a striking selective epitheliotropism. To conclude, we could show follicular hyperkeratosis and lymphocytic perifollicular inflammation as early patterns in pathogenesis, whereas rupture of the follicle structure takes place later.
Finally, it seems that there are two hot spots of inflammatory events (perifollicular and subepidermal) composed of a comparable inflammatory cell mixture. The CD-8 cell epitheliotropism (follicular and epidermal) described here and its influence in follicular hyperkeratosis, in hyperplasia of follicular epithelium and in epidermal psoriasiform hyperplasia will be of further interest, for instance, concerning early pharmacological intervention.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa): early inflammatory events at terminal follicles and at interfollicular epidermis
Exp Dermatol. 2009 Jul 29; Laffert MV, Helmbold P, Wohlrab J, Fiedler E, Stadie V, Marsch WC (Hubmed.org)
Related:
Rosacea: An Inflammatory Skin Condition that Resembles Acne
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Hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa): early inflammatory events
The air in your skincare - acne, anti-inflammatory
Women Smokers More Likely To Have Non-inflammatory Acne
About Acne, Types and Symptoms : Acne
Acne vulgaris patients have low levels of anti-inflammatory
