Acne Medications

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2008 Jun; 5(2): 134-8Buggiani G, Troiano M, Rossi R, Lotti TPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment technique that permits the clearance of different skin lesions with high success rates in many dermatological diseases. Worldwide recognized uses for PDT in dermatology include non-melanoma skin cancer, actinic keratoses, acne vulgaris, photorejuvenation, and hidradenitis suppurativa. In the European Union, and in the USA, its indication is for the treatment of nonhyperkeratotic actinic keratoses (AKs) of the face and scalp, for basal cell carcinoma and for Bowen's disease. However, due to its intriguing mechanism of action, many dermatologists have begun to look at the use of PDT in photorejuvenation, acne vulgaris and hidradenitis suppurativa. Moreover, clinicians have to learn how to maximize this kind of therapy to treat other dermatologic entities, and many anecdotic reports can already be found in the literature. This paper aims to briefly but critically review these reports to give the dermatologist a useful guide to what could be the future experiences in PDT and how to target their efforts in clinics and research.

Fertil Steril. 2009 Apr 24; Cupisti S, Häberle L, Dittrich R, Oppelt PG, Reissmann C, Kronawitter D, Beckmann MW, Mueller AOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of smoking on endocrine, metabolic, and clinical parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Cohort analysis. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): 346 women with PCOS, including 98 smokers and 248 nonsmokers. INTERVENTION(S): Screening panel, including physical examination, weight and height measurement, and ultrasound examination of the ovaries, and hormone and insulin measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical, metabolic, and endocrine parameters, oral glucose tolerance test, calculation of insulin resistance indexes. RESULT(S): In women with PCOS, smoking was associated with statistically significantly increased levels of fasting insulin and calculated free testosterone (cFT) and with a raised free androgen index (FAI) score, which resulted in aggravated scores on the homeostatic model for assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). However, no differences were observed between the smoking and nonsmoking groups with regard to the clinical parameters for hirsutism, acne, ovulatory function (classified as eumenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and amenorrhea), or polycystic ovaries using the ultrasound criteria recommended according to the Rotterdam definition. CONCLUSION(S): In women with PCOS, smoking is associated with increased free testosterone and fasting insulin levels, resulting in aggravated insulin resistance. However, there were no differences between smokers and nonsmokers when clinical parameters were compared.

Dermatol Surg. 2009 Mar 20; Niwa AB, Mello AP, Torezan LA, Osório NBACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars are common problems and represent a challenging condition to treat. Fractional photothermolysis has been effective at resurfacing photodamaged skin, acne scars, and atrophic scars, but there are few reports on its use for hypertrophic scars. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 1,550-nm erbium-doped fiber laser treatment of hypertrophic scars in eight patients. METHODS Eight patients (skin phototypes II-IV) with hypertrophic scars received monthly treatments with a 1,550-nm erbium-doped fiber laser. Energy settings ranged from 35 to 50 mJ, and eight to 10 passes were applied with treatment levels 6 to 8. An independent physician evaluator assessed the treatment response by comparing pre- and posttreatment clinical photographs using a quartile grading scale (grade 1, 75%=near total improvement. RESULTS At four weeks after the last treatment session, a mean grade of 2.4 was achieved based on an independent physician's clinical assessment. Improvement in pigmentation occurred in all hyperpigmented scars. CONCLUSION Hypertrophic scars can be effectively and safely improved with 1,550-nm erbium-doped fiber laser treatment. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.

J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2009 Apr 24; 1-7Leheta TMBackground: Acne vulgaris is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit characterized by the development of inflammatory and/or non-inflammatory lesions that may progress to scars. The increase of bacterial resistance and adverse effects, the teratogenicity of retinoids and lack of response to usual therapies has led to the investigation of new therapeutic alternatives. Objective: To evaluate the role of the pulsed dye laser in the treatment of acne in comparison with other topical therapeutic modalities. Methods: We studied 45 patients with mild to moderate acne. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: group A received treatment with pulsed dye laser therapy every 2 weeks, group B received topical preparations and group C was subjected to chemical peeling using trichloroacetic acid 25%. Results: At 12 weeks of treatment, there was a significant improvement of the lesions within each group with the best results seen in group A; however, no significant difference was detected between the three treatment protocols after the treatment period. Remission in the follow-up period was significantly higher in the first group. Conclusions: Pulse dye laser therapy mainly improves the inflammatory lesions of acne with few adverse effects.